{"id":111848,"date":"2023-01-31T09:49:39","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T08:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/?p=111848"},"modified":"2025-12-23T16:42:44","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T15:42:44","slug":"justice-amazon-crimes-brazil-lula-icc-communication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/111848-justice-amazon-crimes-brazil-lula-icc-communication.html","title":{"rendered":"Brazil: Can Lula and an NGO appeal to the ICC push justice for crimes in the Amazon?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Brazil\u2019s new president Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva has said he wants to make tackling environmental destruction and human rights abuses in the Amazon a priority. An NGO \"Communication\" to the International Criminal Court (ICC) in late 2022 says these crimes committed over a decade may amount to crimes against humanity. What chance of justice now for human rights abuses against indigenous and other traditional people in the Amazon forest?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\u201cLula has even created a ministry for the indigenous people<\/a> in the Amazon, which is unprecedented,\u201d says Brazilian lawyer Paulo Busse. \u201cBut what the President says is one thing, and whether he will have the conditions to implement what he says is a whole different issue. Our Congress is divided, and half the Congress is made up of members of the agribusiness caucus, which is against the environment and against indigenous and traditional communities<\/a>\u2019 rights. He will have to negotiate with them.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Busse co-wrote a \"Communication<\/a>\" to the International Criminal Court<\/a>, asking the ICC to act on possible crimes against humanity in the Brazilian Amazon. It was drawn up on behalf of a group of Brazilian and international NGOs and filed to the ICC on November 9, 2022, just as Lula was staging a comeback in elections to defeat Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro (in power from 2019 to January 1, 2023), whose right-wing policies and ties to agribusiness are seen as having largely exacerbated the Amazon problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s not a case against Bolsonaro\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Another co-author of this Communication is British lawyer Richard Rogers of the NGO Climate Counsel. \u201cConsidering how long these types of crimes have been going on and the lack of accountability through the local justice system, we feel there's evidence that the Brazilians are either unwilling or unable to deal with this issue,\u201d Rogers told Justice Info. \u201cThere are many Brazilian prosecutors who are very active and very courageous, but they are attempting to deal with an individual event, such as a single murder.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He says there has never been an effort to take a \u201cbird's eye view\u201d and construct a case of crimes against humanity within the Brazilian justice system. \u201cSo we feel the ICC, which has a mandate to prosecute international crimes, is better placed to look at how the crimes committed over the last decade can be tied together as part and parcel of the same policy, developed and implemented by a network of public and private sector actors,\u201d says Rogers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And it\u2019s not just about Bolsonaro, he told Justice Info. \u201cThe evidence suggests that certain members of the Bolsonaro administration are key actors within the network and have been instrumental in promoting the criminal policy resulting in crimes against humanity, and so these individuals would likely be persons of interest for the ICC,\u201d he continued. \u201cBut Bolsonaro is part of the system, not the system per se. It\u2019s not a case against Bolsonaro, we see this as a system crime. And it's a system that needs to be dismantled.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murder, torture and land-grabbing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThere have been over 12,000 land or water-related conflicts in the Brazilian Amazon over the past ten years,\u201d according to the Communication filed in conjunction with Greenpeace Brasil and Observat\u00f3rio do Clima to the Prosecutor\u2019s office at the ICC. It says it \u201cprovides evidence that an organised network of politicians, civil servants, law enforcement officers, businessmen, and other criminals carried out a widespread or systematic attack against rural land users and defenders in the Amazon region\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These crimes include \u201cmurder, persecution, and inhuman acts\u201d, says the Communication. \u201cThe evidence shows that, from 2011 to 2021, the conflicts have resulted in 430 murders, 554 attempted murders, 2,290 death threats, 87 cases of torture, and over 100,000 expulsions or evictions. The victims are from a variety of Indigenous Peoples, traditional communities, and other vulnerable groups, whose land has been ruthlessly exploited for profit through a widespread or systematic attack against their lives and livelihoods.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Weak Brazilian justice in a very difficult region<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Busse agrees that there are some courageous Brazilian prosecutors, who have taken up some cases. But, he says, \u201cwe have a justice system that especially in the Amazon region is historically unable to investigate and prosecute those crimes. And it is not only lack of will, it's also lack of resources -- human resources, financial resources. The region is very difficult. For instance, the mobility in the region is controlled by organised groups. This is one of the heritages that Bolsonaro left.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is needed now, he says, is for the State to reclaim the ground from these organised groups and give more resources to the justice system. \u201cWe need a project to implement the laws that we have, that are very clear that the Brazilian State has the obligation to protect environmental defenders and traditional communities in the Amazon,\u201d he told Justice Info. He says the government also needs to \u201cput more prosecutors specialised in these environmental issues and human rights issues in the region, which basically ends up in more financial investments for the State\u201d.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Legal avenues outside the ICC<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

This is by no means the first NGO Communication to the ICC asking it to act on Brazil. There have been at least six others since November 2019, all targeting Bolsonaro directly. Rogers says this one is broader and \u201cless politicised\u201d. Asked if they have had a response from the ICC, he says they have had only an acknowledgement of receipt. And if the ICC doesn\u2019t take this up?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOur job is to try to persuade the ICC Prosecutor that this is a case that falls within their jurisdiction and is so serious that it should be prioritised over others,\u201d says Rogers, \u201cbecause the Amazon also has such an important place in the world to prevent global warming. It's either the biggest carbon sink or one of the biggest carbon emitters, depending on what you do with it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe see this Communication as a kind of springboard to pursue various other forms of accountability,\u201d he says. Those could include accountability in the local courts, as well as \u201ctargeting human rights abuses and the corrupt officials through human rights sanctions regimes, targeting businesses and financiers through anti-money laundering legislation\u201d. There is also potential civil action in Brazil or elsewhere, and possible universal jurisdiction cases in third countries for crimes against humanity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The situation in Brazil is fragile, says Busse, especially after the arrests of Bolsonaro supporters involved in the January 8 attack on governments buildings in the capital. He says that historically \u201cwe could never tackle\u201d crimes in the Amazon. \u201cI know it\u2019s going to be difficult. But for the first time in history, we have a president that has put it at the centre of his agenda.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

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Recommended reading<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t
\"\"<\/div><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tUnpunished in Brazil, crimes against indigenous people are submitted to the ICC\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Brazil\u2019s new president Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva has said he wants to make tackling environmental destruction and human rights abuses in the Amazon a priority. An NGO \"Communication\" to the International Criminal Court (ICC) in late 2022 says these crimes committed over a decade may amount to crimes against humanity. What chance of justice […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":111842,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[561,562],"tags":[3935,2957],"ji_location":[2141],"class_list":["post-111848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environmental-justice","category-icc","tag-human-rights","tag-indigenous-peoples","ji_location-brazil"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJustice in the Amazon: Can Lula and the ICC improve the situation in Brazil?- JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the Amazon, Brazil\u2019s new president "Lula" has said he wants to make justice (tackling environmental destruction and human rights abuses) a priority. 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An NGO Communication to the International Criminal Court (ICC) in late 2022 says these crimes committed over a decade may amount to crimes against humanity. What chance of justice now for human rights abuses against indigenous and other traditional people in the Amazon forest?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/111848-justice-amazon-crimes-brazil-lula-icc-communication.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/111848-justice-amazon-crimes-brazil-lula-icc-communication.html"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/111848-justice-amazon-crimes-brazil-lula-icc-communication.html#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Brazil_Amazonia-indigenous_@Ricardo-Oliveira-AFP.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Brazil_Amazonia-indigenous_@Ricardo-Oliveira-AFP.jpg","width":1200,"height":800,"caption":"Will Brazilian President Lula and the International Criminal Court hear the call of the Amazon peoples? \u00a9 Ricardo Oliveira \/ AFP"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/111848-justice-amazon-crimes-brazil-lula-icc-communication.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Brazil: Can Lula and an NGO appeal to the ICC push justice for crimes in the Amazon?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/","name":"JusticeInfo.net","description":"For justice to be done, it must be seen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization","name":"Justice Info","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/justiceinfo_logo-trans_1200x1200px.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/justiceinfo_logo-trans_1200x1200px.png","width":1199,"height":1200,"caption":"Justice Info"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/JusticeInfo\/","https:\/\/x.com\/justiceinfonet","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/justice-info","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCyCEsARodyuWtkWyhn-e7pA"]},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Crawford","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Juliacra","https:\/\/x.com\/JuliaCrawford13"],"url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/auteur\/jcrawford"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111848"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111848\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":153936,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111848\/revisions\/153936"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111842"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111848"},{"taxonomy":"ji_location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ji_location?post=111848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}