{"id":137518,"date":"2024-10-25T11:27:26","date_gmt":"2024-10-25T09:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/?p=137518"},"modified":"2024-10-25T11:27:27","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T09:27:27","slug":"crimes-palestine-belgian-justice-dual-nationals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/137518-crimes-palestine-belgian-justice-dual-nationals.html","title":{"rendered":"Crimes in Palestine: Belgian justice takes an interest in its dual nationals"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><strong>Belgium is investigating two cases of war crimes committed in Gaza and the West Bank, under its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/tribunals\/universal-jurisdiction\">universal jurisdiction<\/a>. The latest case is causing a stir: a Belgian-Israeli sniper is suspected of being the perpetrator or co-perpetrator of murders of civilians in Gaza, a Palestinian territory invaded by the Israeli army since the Hamas attack on October 7 2023. A case that could set a precedent for other dual nationals.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s a <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/ytirawi\/status\/1842242729436201158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">report by a Palestinian investigative journalist, Younis Tirawi<\/a>, that was the basis for the opening of a criminal investigation into war crimes in Gaza on October 17, in Belgium. The results of his investigation were widely reported by the Belgian press, based on an article published in the newspaper <em>De Morgen<\/em> on October 9. The Belgian-Palestinian Association (ABP) reacted by filing a complaint with an examining magistrate against a Belgian-Israeli soldier who appears in the report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For six months, Tirawi followed a sniper unit of Tsahal, the Israeli army, active in Gaza. He specifically interviewed an American soldier who is a senior member of this unit, known as \u201cRefaim\u201d (\u201cghost\u201d in Hebrew). Among other things, the soldier stated that they had orders to shoot civilians, even if they were unarmed and posed no threat, and also to shoot people who come to collect the bodies. He backed this up with videos of their missions. The report revealed that 21 people were part of this unit, including several members with dual nationality: three American-Israelis, two French-Israelis, one German-Israeli, one Italian-Israeli and one Belgian-Israeli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-murders-in-gaza\">Murders in Gaza<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe confessions made by the unit\u2019s officer are war crimes. And given that a Belgian is involved in these crimes, Belgian courts have jurisdiction to try him, even if the crimes were committed abroad,\u201d says ABP, represented by two lawyers, Alexis Deswaef and V\u00e9ronique van der Plancke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Tirawi\u2019s investigations and research done by ABP, this sniper, identified only by his initials A.B., is a young man of 21 who lived in Uccle, a city in the south of the Brussels region, before moving to Tel Aviv in 2022 and joining the Israeli armed forces. He reportedly returned to Belgium at least once after his mission in Gaza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similar complaints could be filed in the other countries from which some members of the Refaim unit come, notably France, Germany and Italy. \u201cTogether with our member organisations in various countries, we are considering what actions to take in these countries, in terms of both international and national justice,\u201d saysDeswaef, who is also the vice-president of the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-illegal-settlements-in-the-west-bank\">Illegal settlements in the West Bank<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The federal public prosecutor\u2019s office in Belgium has opted for a cautious approach, by opening a judicial inquiry, rather than an investigation, into A.B. In other words, the public prosecutor\u2019s office considers that there are no grounds for appointing an investigating judge at this stage. However, the criminal investigation has already been set in motion by the civil party complaint filed by ABP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the legal inquiry into this case has only just begun, and much information remains to be verified about the possible involvement of this Belgian in the murders of Palestinian civilians, another case is virtually completed. On January 5, 2021, ABP lodged a complaint against a Belgian citizen suspected of being the head of a group of Israeli settlers in the West Bank, who were carrying out acts of forced colonisation that could be classified as war crimes. This woman, Nadia Matar, aged 58, is a media figure of radical right-wing activism in Israel. She has posted many videos on social networks where she claims responsibility for her violent actions. The Belgian investigative magazine M\u00e9dor had already written an article about her in 2017, noting that the \u201chard-hitting actions\u201d of this activist were beginning to find a wide echo in the spheres of Israeli power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cNadia Matar was born and grew up in Antwerp, before studying in Brussels. She then emigrated to Israel, where she married an American doctor and settled down in the south of Bethlehem. She presided Women in Green, a nationalist organisation founded in 2000, which considers the Oslo Accords [the Israeli-Palestinian peace agreements signed in 1993] as a betrayal. She claims responsibility for her actions and even promotes them,\u201d says Deswaef. \u201cThe examining magistrate closed his investigation after three years and sent the case to the federal public prosecutor\u2019s office to issue an indictment. We were therefore expecting a trial to take place\u00a0 soon, but we learned in September that the federal public prosecutor\u2019s office had requested additional investigations,\u201d he adds. \u201cThese new lines of investigation relate to a contextualisation of the facts, an analysis of the status of the occupied Palestinian territories and the movement to which Nadia Matar belonged, as well as her role in that movement. If one was afraid of organising this trial, one wouldn\u2019t act any differently,\u201d thunders ABP\u2019s lawyer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"674\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Palestine_Nadia-Matar-press-conference-israeli-soliders.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of a video showing Nadia Matar at a conference and a photo of Israeli army soldiers in the middle of ruins, holding Israeli flags.\" class=\"wp-image-137512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Palestine_Nadia-Matar-press-conference-israeli-soliders.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Palestine_Nadia-Matar-press-conference-israeli-soliders-1000x562.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Israel-Palestine_Nadia-Matar-press-conference-israeli-soliders-1110x623.jpg 1110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nadia Matar at a conference in Jerusalem in January 2024 where the Belgian-Israeli activist celebrated the Israeli army's invasion of Gaza.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-double-standard\"><strong>Double standard?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is very important for national courts to prosecute and try their own nationals who commit war crimes abroad. We must also be able to do this when it comes to Israel, otherwise we risk being criticised for applying a double standard. The International Criminal Court (ICC) is also criticized for double standard, as it acted swiftly against Russia and is dragging its feet against Israel. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/137454-pressure-mounts-icc.html\">We know that the ICC is subject to intense pressures<\/a>, even threats, from both Israel and the United States. This is also one of the reasons why third countries should try their own nationals who commit crimes in Gaza,\u201d says the human rights activist. \u201cInternational law must be enforced to force a ceasefire and put an end to the impunity that feeds those crimes. Belgian justice must do its part, alongside international justice.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both soldier A.B and Nadia Matar are in Israel. As they have not yet been charged, they have no known lawyer.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"articleLink articleLink--editorRecommanded articleLink--textInImage articleLink--textTop\" style=\"\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"articleLinkSurTitle\">Recommended reading<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<a class=\"articleLinkImageLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/128611-palestine-plea-against-occupation.html\"><div class=\"articleLinkImageContainer \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Palestine-Israel_Philippe-Sands-international-court-of-justice_@CIJ-ICJ-540x360.jpg\" class=\"articleLinkImage backgroundImageTag w-100 wp-post-image\" alt=\"Hearing before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Israel&#039;s occupation of Palestine, February 19, 2024. Photo: Philippe Sands develops his arguments from the Palestinian side.\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/128611-palestine-plea-against-occupation.html\" class=\"articleLinkTitle articleLinkTitle--default\">\r\n\t\t\tPalestine\u2019s plea against occupation\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Belgium is investigating two cases of war crimes committed in Gaza and the West Bank, under its universal jurisdiction. The latest case is causing a stir: a Belgian-Israeli sniper is suspected of being the perpetrator or co-perpetrator of murders of civilians in Gaza, a Palestinian territory invaded by the Israeli army since the Hamas attack [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":137507,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2801],"tags":[2683],"ji_location":[2125,2285,2403],"class_list":["post-137518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-universal-jurisdiction","tag-war-crime","ji_location-belgium","ji_location-israel","ji_location-palestine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.3.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Crimes in Palestine: Belgian justice takes an interest in its dual 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