{"id":154052,"date":"2026-01-05T10:19:59","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T09:19:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/?p=154052"},"modified":"2026-01-05T10:52:23","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T09:52:23","slug":"finlands-promise-to-the-sami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/154052-finlands-promise-to-the-sami.html","title":{"rendered":"Finland's promise to the S\u00e1mi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The final report of the S\u00e1mi Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Finland sparked initiatives of state apology and strengthened Indigenous rights amid renewed environmental and political challenges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>The S\u00e1mi Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in Finland handed over its final report on December 4, 2025, to the Government of Finland, the S\u00e1mi Parliament in Finland, and the Skolt Saami Siida Council (representing the Skolt S\u00e1mi population). The biggest news in the context of publishing the report was Finland's Prime Minister Petteri Orpo's announcement that he sees that Finland should offer a state apology, which should be \"comprehensive and worthy\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In line with the TRC's mandate, the 700-page report includes 68 proposals and points of action. Acknowledging that the state of Finland was established on the territory of two peoples, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/tag\/sami\">S\u00e1mi<\/a> and the Finns, the TRC recommends that a unit coordinating S\u00e1mi affairs, headed by a State Secretary for the S\u00e1mi, should be established in the Prime Minister's Office. The role and responsibility of this unit would be to support the preparation and implementation of policies concerning the S\u00e1mi in Finland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The report lays bare that Finland has two sets of policies regarding the S\u00e1mi. On the one hand, the state has recently established initiatives to strengthen S\u00e1mi rights, as exemplified by the establishment of the TRC. On the other hand, the economic, industrial, security, and political takeover of the S\u00e1mi area continues, and Finland has still not adopted the UN International Labour Organization's Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention (ILO 169) nor implemented the Nordic S\u00e1mi Convention, which seeks to assert the existing rights in the whole S\u00e1mi region. These double standards undermine the trust between the S\u00e1mi and the state, and the report recommends that Finland acts on both conventions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The TRC recommendations thus draw attention to historical and ongoing juridical and structural injustices regarding the relations between the S\u00e1mi and the Finnish state. To support the process of implementing and living up to the recommendations, the government has appointed a parliamentary follow-up group, chaired by former Social Democratic prime minister Antti Rinne. Notably, this follow-up group does not currently include S\u00e1mi representation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-internal-and-external-turbulences\">Internal and external turbulences<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The report concludes a four-year process. The five-member commission, comprising both S\u00e1mi and non-S\u00e1mi members, has held hearings with almost 400 S\u00e1mi individuals and published 25 special reports on various facets of state-S\u00e1mi history and current relations. The Finnish commission is one of three commissions in the Nordic countries treating state-S\u00e1mi relations: the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/120849-norway-truth-reconciliation-process-change.html\">TRC in Norway<\/a> reported in 2023, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/85028-truth-commissions-nordic-states-who-is-to-be-reconciled-with-whom.html\">truth commission in Sweden<\/a> is set to report by October 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finland\u2019s TRC has seen some turbulence with the resignation of two of its members (one for personal reasons, the other due to disagreements about the scope, funding and tasks of the commission) as well as regarding a proposed legislation on who can vote in the S\u00e1mi Parliamentary elections, which risked overshadowing the process. The Finnish Parliament passed the new law on the voters' register in June 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/110023-finland-sami-rights-central-stage-national-politics.html\">after an earlier attempt<\/a> turned into an intra-governmental conflict before it failed in 2022. The report acknowledges the value of the reformed law as a prerequisite for continued discussions toward reconciliation.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"ArticleNewsletterCTA\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"ArticleNewsletterCTATitle\">FIND THIS ARTICLE INTERESTING?<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"ArticleNewsletterCTAText\">\r\n\t\t\t<a href=\"\/en\/newsletter\">Sign up now for our (free) newsletter<\/a> to make sure you don't miss out on other publications of this type. \t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\n\n\n<p>In the opening words for handing over the report, the chair of the commission Hannele Pokka underscored that the Arctic context is very different now from 2021, when the commission first began its work. International conflicts and Finland's NATO membership have led to an acceleration of military activity and rehearsals in the S\u00e1mi areas of northern Finland. One of the TRC 25 special reports pointed out that, in the process of Finland's NATO membership, the S\u00e1mi Parliament and the S\u00e1mi have not been consulted as the Finnish constitution would require.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Arctic is warming faster than anywhere else on the planet, and climate change affects S\u00e1mi livelihoods from reindeer herding to fishing. Northern Finland is the site for several planned energy and mining projects. How projects of national security and green transition are balanced with S\u00e1mi rights will be key for the future development of the relationship between the S\u00e1mi and the government. These are just two of the many challenges that loom over the future of state-S\u00e1mi relations, henceforth negotiated in the post-TRC landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-making-sure-the-issue-is-not-forgotten\">Making sure the issue is not forgotten<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The TRC notes a structural lack of knowledge among Finns about S\u00e1mi culture and livelihoods. The report recommends that S\u00e1mi content be increased in teachers\u2019 education and in the curricula of basic and secondary education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The report also proposes that the three Nordic states work transnationally to provide S\u00e1mi-language education and healthcare services. The report also suggests that the unit of psychosocial support established for the TRC hearings be made permanent so that mental health challenges can be addressed through support and services to the S\u00e1mi, including in the changing cultural and environmental landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To strengthen traditional S\u00e1mi livelihoods, the proposal calls on the government to amend legislation on forestry, reindeer husbandry, and salmon fishing in the Deatnu River between Finland and Norway to better reflect S\u00e1mi traditions and livelihoods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By the concrete, detailed way the recommendations are formulated, the TRC seeks to prevent them from disappearing from the political agenda. Binding the parliamentary groups to the implementation phase of the process through the parliamentary follow-up group is an attempt to ensure the issue does not fall outside political discussions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A panel of Finnish MPs discussing the proposals after the formal handover of the report unanimously supported the idea that the proposals outlined in the report should be followed up on and not set aside or forgotten amid a hectic political landscape. But when claims to strengthen and extend S\u00e1mi rights collide with political, economic, and military considerations, it remains to be seen to what extent these promises translate into concrete action and legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"articleLink articleLink--editorRecommanded articleLink--textInImage articleLink--textTop\" style=\"\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"articleLinkSurTitle\">Recommended reading<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<a class=\"articleLinkImageLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/85028-truth-commissions-nordic-states-who-is-to-be-reconciled-with-whom.html\"><div class=\"articleLinkImageContainer \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nordic-Sami-people-Lavvu_@Granbergs-Nya-Aktiebolag-540x360.jpg\" class=\"articleLinkImage backgroundImageTag w-100 wp-post-image\" alt=\"Group of nomadic S\u00e1mis\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/85028-truth-commissions-nordic-states-who-is-to-be-reconciled-with-whom.html\" class=\"articleLinkTitle articleLinkTitle--default\">\r\n\t\t\tTruth commissions in the Nordic states: Who is to be reconciled with whom?\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"content-encadre\">\r\n\t<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-110002\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Otso-Kortekangas.jpg\" alt=\"Otso Kortekangas\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Otso-Kortekangas.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Otso-Kortekangas-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>OTSO KORTEKANGAS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Otso Kortekangas is an Associate Professor at the University of Helsinki\u00a0and a researcher at \u00c5bo Akademi University, Turku, Finland. He is involved in the project\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.diis.dk\/en\/projects\/trinc-truth-reconciliation-in-the-nordic-countries\"><em>TRiNC: Truth &amp; Reconciliation in the Nordic Countries<\/em><\/a>\u00a0led by Astrid Nonbo Andersen at the Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS). His academic interests include educational history, environmental history, and Arctic and S\u00e1mi history.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The final report of the S\u00e1mi Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Finland sparked initiatives of state apology and strengthened Indigenous rights amid renewed environmental and political challenges.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":191,"featured_media":154045,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[567,542],"tags":[2769,3823],"ji_location":[2229],"class_list":["post-154052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","category-truth-commissions","tag-politics","tag-sami","ji_location-finland"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.3.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - 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