{"id":27405,"date":"2016-05-18T11:57:13","date_gmt":"2016-05-18T09:57:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/27405-swiss-ngo-highlights-need-to-document-war-crimes.html"},"modified":"2016-05-18T11:57:13","modified_gmt":"2016-05-18T09:57:13","slug":"swiss-ngo-highlights-need-to-document-war-crimes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/27405-swiss-ngo-highlights-need-to-document-war-crimes.html","title":{"rendered":"Swiss NGO Highlights Need to Document War Crimes"},"content":{"rendered":"

In view of the rising number of civilian casualties in armed conflict and the very low number of cases brought against alleged perpetrators of international crimes (genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity), the work of independent, professional organizations to help document crimes is vital, says Swiss NGO Civitas Maxima in its 2015 annual report. The organization stresses its work with victims and highlights cases it is helping bring to justice, including the first arrest for trading \u201cblood diamonds\u201d as a war crime.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cThe most visible outcome of Civitas Maxima\u2019s work in 2015 was the arrest of a US and Belgian businessman in September 2015 in Malaga, Spain for his alleged participation in the trade of blood diamonds from Sierra Leone during the civil war,\u201d says the annual report<\/a>. \u201cHe was extradited to Belgium where he is still detained. This is the very first time that someone has been arrested and indicted for participation in the trade of blood diamonds, qualified as a war crime \u2013 pillage \u2013 and crime against humanity \u2013 forced labor.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cThe most valuable but least visible impact of Civitas Maxima\u2019s work is the impact the documentation work has on the victims that Civitas Maxima represents and the countries where it works,\u201d the report continues. \u201cBeing able to talk to qualified and experienced professionals working for Civitas Maxima not only has a therapeutic and important psychological effect on many of the victims, it also provides them with hope that they may see justice one day in the future and with the certainty that they are not alone, that somebody will be fighting for accountability alongside them in the long-term.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n

Civitas Maxima<\/a>\u00a0was founded in 2012 by its current director Alain Werner to provide \u201cindependent legal representation for victims of war crimes and crimes against humanity\u201d. Werner is a Swiss lawyer who has worked for the prosecution at the Special Court for Sierra Leone, represented victims and civil parties at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia and at the Hiss\u00e8ne Habr\u00e9 trial in Senegal. The name Civitas Maxima comes from \u201ca Latin term used for the legal doctrine that maintains that all human beings, as members of the international community, share certain core values,\u201d the organization explains. \u201cThe doctrine thus promotes the idea that the most egregious violations of these values call for a vigorous and equitable response\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The organization focuses on working with victims, representing them, documenting crimes and transmitting victims\u2019 accounts, with their consent, to competent national and international authorities. It also helps build capacity of local partners such as the Centre for Accountability and Rule of Law (CARL) in Sierra Leone and the Global Justice and Research Project (GJRP) in Liberia, where \u201cfor political reasons there is a de facto impunity for crimes committed during the war and several current high level Liberian politicians are connected to these crimes\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Arrests\u00a0<\/h3>\n

\u201cThere were 8 arrests by national authorities for international crimes not committed on their territory worldwide over a two-year period in 2014 and 2015,\u201d says the annual report. \u201cIn spite of its limited budget and size, Civitas Maxima\u2019s work and the work of its partners led directly to 3 out of these 8 arrests.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n

These three arrests were of two Liberians <\/a>in Belgium and Switzerland, and businessman Desaedeleer in the blood diamonds case.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Michel Desaedeleer, a US and Belgian citizen, was arrested in Spain in 2015 on a European arrest warrant, suspected of enslavement as a crime against humanity and pillage of \u201cblood diamonds\u201d that helped fuel the Sierra Leonean civil war. He was transferred to Belgium, where he has been indicted. The criminal complaint which led to his arrest was based on information collected by Civitas Maxima and its partner in Sierra Leone, the Centre for Accountability and Rule of Law (CARL). Civitas Maxima director Alain Werner explained in an\u00a0interview last year with JusticeInfo<\/a> why the case was brought in Belgium and not in Sierra Leone.\u00a0<\/p>\n

This arrest made headlines and could set a precedent. \u201cAccording to the UN Environmental Program, at least forty percent of recent intrastate conflicts had links to natural resources, and the presence of natural resources makes conflicts twice as likely to recur,\u201d says Civitas Maxima. \u201cNevertheless, nobody has ever been charged with crimes directly connected to the trade of diamonds from conflict zones as a war crime or crime against humanity. (\u2026) Both the well-publicized arrest and charges have sent the message that the trade of minerals from conflict zones by foreign actors can incur criminal responsibility and does not operate in a space of impunity. A legal precedent could be created if this case is brought to trial.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In view of the rising number of civilian casualties in armed conflict and the very low number of cases brought against alleged perpetrators of international crimes (genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity), the work of independent, professional organizations to help document crimes is vital, says Swiss NGO Civitas Maxima in its 2015 annual report. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":64307,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[566],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2497],"class_list":["post-27405","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-national-tribunals","ji_location-switzerland"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSwiss NGO Highlights Need to Document War Crimes - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/27405-swiss-ngo-highlights-need-to-document-war-crimes.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Swiss NGO Highlights Need to Document War Crimes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In view of the rising number of civilian casualties in armed conflict and the very low number of cases brought against alleged perpetrators of international crimes (genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity), the work of independent, professional organizations to help document crimes is vital, says Swiss NGO Civitas Maxima in its 2015 annual report. 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