{"id":36686,"date":"2018-03-14T14:38:37","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T13:38:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/36686-colombian-guerrilla-leader-ends-controversial-presidential-bid-giving-peace-a-chance.html"},"modified":"2018-03-14T14:38:37","modified_gmt":"2018-03-14T13:38:37","slug":"colombian-guerrilla-leader-ends-controversial-presidential-bid-giving-peace-a-chance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/36686-colombian-guerrilla-leader-ends-controversial-presidential-bid-giving-peace-a-chance.html","title":{"rendered":"In Colombia, FARC leader ends presidential bid, giving transitional justice a chance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In a decision with far-reaching consequences for Colombia\u2019s fragile peace process, the FARC \u2013 a political party formed by former Marxist guerrillas from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia \u2013 has\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.elpais.com.co\/elecciones\/elecciones-presidenciales\/rodrigo-londono-timochenko-se-retira-y-la-farc-no-tendra-candidato-presidencial.html\">withdrawn from the country\u2019s presidential race<\/a>\u00a0after candidate Rodrigo Londo\u00f1o underwent\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/noticias.caracoltv.com\/colombia\/timochenko-se-recupera-satisfactoriamente-tras-operacion-de-corazon-abierto\">open-heart surgery in Bogota<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The 59-year-old Londo\u00f1o, who as leader of the violent rebel group used the name Timochenko, had a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lafm.com.co\/nacional\/timochenko-sufrio-paro-cardiaco-dos-anos\/\">heart attack<\/a>\u00a0in 2015. Last year, not long after\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/colombia-has-a-new-peace-agreement-but-will-it-stick-69535\">signing a historic peace deal<\/a>\u00a0with the Colombian government, he\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.teleamazonas.com\/2017\/07\/timochenko-jefe-las-farc-fue-hospitalizado-colombia-derrame-cerebral\/\">suffered a stroke<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Despite\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/colombias-farc-rebels-have-rebranded-as-a-political-party-now-they-need-a-leader-82728\">concerns<\/a>\u00a0that his health problems were a political liability, Londo\u00f1o\u2019s symbolic power and name recognition\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telesurtv.net\/english\/news\/FARC-Leader-Londono-to-Run-as-2018-Presidential-Candidate-20171030-0017.html\">won him the nomination<\/a>\u00a0to lead the FARC\u2019s ticket. This is the group\u2019s first election since laying down weapons on June 27, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Londo\u00f1o, who was\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-colombia-election-poll\/colombian-former-rebel-petro-leads-polls-ahead-of-presidential-vote-idUSKCN1G71WC\">polling at zero percent in February<\/a>, didn\u2019t stand a chance of winning in the May 27 election. But his candidacy was symbolic of the rebel group\u2019s transition from armed struggle to political participation.<\/p>\n<p>Rather than disrupt that process, Londo\u00f1o\u2019s departure may actually ease the country\u2019s delicate transition away from violence. As a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=jjkUy0wAAAAJ&amp;hl=en&amp;oi=ao\">scholar of civil conflict<\/a>, I believe this ex-guerrilla\u2019s withdrawal from public life could be good news for Colombia.<\/p>\n<h3>Colombia\u2019s violent campaign season<\/h3>\n<p>The FARC\u2019s entry into politics, a requirement of the 2016 peace deal, has divided this violence-scarred nation. Colombians first\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/colombia-did-not-vote-no-in-its-peace-referendum-what-the-statistics-reveal-66471\">rejected the peace deal, narrowly, in an October 2016 referendum<\/a>, and the final agreement barely made it through to congressional approval.<\/p>\n<p>Today, many people have accepted the FARC\u2019s political participation as a necessary, if odious, condition of peace. But, in my assessment, Timochenko\u2019s candidacy was too much, too soon.<\/p>\n<p>It got underway before people had been able to fully reckon the FARC\u2019s outsize role in their country\u2019s 55-year armed conflict, which has\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jul\/25\/colombia-conflict-death-toll-commission\">killed 225,000 and displaced millions<\/a>. Colombia has yet to launch the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Truth-Justice-Reconciliation-Colombia-Transitioning\/dp\/1857438655\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1520886551&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=Truth%2C+Justice+and+Reconciliation+in+Colombia%3A+Transitioning+from+Violence+%28Europa+Perspectives+in+Transitional+Justice%29&amp;dpID=51TE8dDS0TL&amp;preST=_SY291_BO1,204,203,200_QL40_&amp;dpSrc=srch\">transitional justice process that will try war criminals and compensate victims<\/a>. Many Colombians bristled at seeing the FARC\u2019s commander run for president without ever having acknowledged inside a court room\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/pacifista.co\/timochenko-primero-tienes-que-ir-a-la-jep-victimas\/\">the suffering his organization caused<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The country also remains generally uncomfortable with the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/elpais.com\/internacional\/2018\/02\/25\/colombia\/1519592213_064747.html\">FARC\u2019s radical left-wing rhetoric<\/a>. Politicians on the right have inflamed deep-set fears of the Marxist-Leninist guerrilla group, saying that the FARC will turn Colombia into a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eluniversal.com.co\/blogs\/el-ojo-de-morgana\/es-gustavo-petro-castrochavista\">Communist dystopia<\/a>. FARC campaign rallies\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wradio.com.co\/noticias\/actualidad\/protestas-contra-timochenko-saboteo-o-reclamo-legitimo-de-los-ciudadanos\/20180206\/nota\/3707361.aspx\">in Cali, Armenia and other cities<\/a>have experienced boycotts, taunts and violence.<\/p>\n<p>Despite accusations by the FARC that its conservative factions\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elespectador.com\/elecciones-2018\/noticias\/politica\/para-la-farc-los-ataques-su-campana-son-promovidos-por-el-centro-democratico-articulo-737296%22%22\">orchestrated the attacks at campaign events<\/a>, candidates across the political spectrum have seen virulent protest in a Colombian\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2017\/feb\/19\/colombia-farc-activist-killings\">election year marked by violence<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Gustavo Petro, a progressive former Bogota mayor, was\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/justicia\/investigacion\/no-hubo-ataque-con-armas-contra-petro-en-cucuta-fiscalia-190190\">attacked in his car after a March campaign rally in the city of C\u00facuta<\/a>. He is currently running in second place in the presidential race. The hard-line former president and current senator, Alvaro Uribe \u2013 who backs right-wing frontrunner Ivan Duque \u2013 has also been\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elespectador.com\/noticias\/politica\/opositores-del-senador-alvaro-uribe-causan-disturbios-en-popayan-articulo-742329\">booed at his public appearances<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>The FARC\u2019s big fail<\/h3>\n<p>he FARC faces deeper challenges this election season, too.<\/p>\n<p>The peace deal guaranteed the group \u2013 which, despite its rebranding as a political party,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/jan\/29\/colombia-farc-rebel-group-civil-war-us-terrorist-organization-list-peace-deal\">remains on the U.S. terrorist watch list<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.semana.com\/nacion\/articulo\/proceso-de-paz-estas-serian-las-curules-de-las-farc-en-el-congreso\/491068\">10 seats in Congress for a period of two four-year terms<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>But FARC candidates performed poorly in Colombia\u2019s March 11 congressional elections. Only\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/resultados2018.registraduria.gov.co\/resultados\/99SE\/BXXXX\/DSE99999.htm\">52,532 people voted for the FARC\u2019s congressional candidates<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 less than 0.4 percent of the nearly 14.5 million votes cast.<\/p>\n<p>The FARC was clearly going to struggle to win Colombians\u2019 support. After half a century of civil conflict,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/contenido\/politica\/gobierno\/ARCHIVO\/ARCHIVO-16832164-0.pdf\">77 percent of Colombians hold a negative opinion of the group<\/a>. That\u2019s why the group\u2019s leaders insisted on obtaining a quota of congressional seats in exchange for disarming.<\/p>\n<p>But its bad results in the congressional ballot were worse than expected. The\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/mundo\/noticias-america-latina-38836443\">FARC retired 7,000 guerrillas when it demobilized in 2017<\/a>\u00a0and got just 52,000 votes in exchange. It once used those same troops to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nacla.org\/article\/farc-war-and-crisis-state\">exert control over some 600 municipalities in Colombia<\/a>, influencing the lives of many millions of Colombians.<\/p>\n<p>Such power loss is\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.urosario.edu.co\/UR-reconciliacion\/Inicio\/\">actually typical for armed groups who have laid down their weapons<\/a>, though. Once guerrillas no longer threaten violence or command resources, many people\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elespectador.com\/noticias\/politica\/timochenko-pide-de-nuevo-santos-cumplir-lo-prometido-y-lo-firmado-articulo-715074\">who once \u201csupported\u201d them drift off<\/a>. The FARC is now failing to compete with more established left-wing forces, including the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.polodemocratico.net\/\">Democratic Pole<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/movimientoprogresistacolombiano.blogspot.com.co\/\">Progressivists Movement<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, Lodo\u00f1o\u2019s withdrawal from the presidential race probably won\u2019t much change the election outcome. He had\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.colombiamegusta.com\/timochenko-0-intencion-voto-bogota\/\">such low popular support<\/a>\u00a0that his voters\u2019 transferred allegiances won\u2019t alter the political math in May.<\/p>\n<h3>Sustaining a tenuous peace<\/h3>\n<p>His exit could, however, endanger the country\u2019s already faltering peace process.<\/p>\n<p>Many former FARC fighters are\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/static.iris.net.co\/semana\/upload\/documents\/informe-kroc.pdf\">frustrated by how slow the government has been to implement the agreements<\/a>\u00a0it made with the rebel group in 2016. More than 1,000 ex-combatants\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/caracol.com.co\/emisora\/2018\/03\/01\/medellin\/1519917754_200499.html\">have already rejoined other armed groups in Colombia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Londo\u00f1o was the only presidential candidate who\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.farc-ep.co\/comunicado\/carta-abierta-al-senor-presidente-de-la-republica-juan-manuel-santos.html\">openly defended the controversial peace deal<\/a>. Without him in the race, its more contested provisions are political orphans.<\/p>\n<p>The perception that the deal is imperiled could spur more former FARC fighters to return to armed struggle, seeing it as the best way to achieve their\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-colombia-peace-land\/colombia-peace-deal-to-usher-in-rural-reform-but-land-conflicts-feared-experts-say-idUSKCN11T1WK\">agenda of agrarian reform and radical social change<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, though, I think Lodo\u00f1o\u2019s health problems may prove a lucky break for Colombia and the FARC. His withdrawal spares the volatile young party the embarrassment of being crushed in next month\u2019s presidential primary and gives the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-latest-threat-to-peace-in-colombia-congress-87810\">transitional justice system time to do its job<\/a>\u00a0before the FARC faces voters again for 2019\u2019s mayoral races.<\/p>\n<p>Lodo\u00f1o\u2019s campaign was an important step in the FARC\u2019s transition from armed rebellion to political party. But it was a powder keg. His retirement averts the risk of a big explosion.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In a decision with far-reaching consequences for Colombia\u2019s fragile peace process, the FARC \u2013 a political party formed by former Marxist guerrillas from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia \u2013 has\u00a0withdrawn from the country\u2019s presidential race\u00a0after candidate Rodrigo Londo\u00f1o underwent\u00a0open-heart surgery in Bogota. The 59-year-old Londo\u00f1o, who as leader of the violent rebel group used [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":66155,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[567],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2177],"class_list":["post-36686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","ji_location-colombia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.3.1 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>In Colombia, FARC leader ends presidential bid, giving transitional justice a chance - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/36686-colombian-guerrilla-leader-ends-controversial-presidential-bid-giving-peace-a-chance.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"In Colombia, FARC leader ends presidential bid, giving transitional justice a chance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In a decision with far-reaching consequences for Colombia\u2019s fragile peace process, the FARC \u2013 a political party formed by former Marxist guerrillas from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia \u2013 has\u00a0withdrawn from the country\u2019s presidential race\u00a0after candidate Rodrigo Londo\u00f1o underwent\u00a0open-heart surgery in Bogota. 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