{"id":40328,"date":"2019-02-15T08:34:29","date_gmt":"2019-02-15T07:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html"},"modified":"2022-01-10T12:56:43","modified_gmt":"2022-01-10T11:56:43","slug":"international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html","title":{"rendered":"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit was set up in 2012, following a change in the law the previous year that transferred responsibility for prosecuting international crimes from military to civil judicial authorities. But seven years on, it has not brought any cases to trial, despite receiving dozens of complaints. Swiss authorities have been criticized for not giving this unit the necessary resources, and for alleged political interference in sensitive cases.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Switzerland is one of the countries that recognizes the principle of universal jurisdiction, allowing it to prosecute any individual suspected of genocide, crimes against humanity or war crimes committed anywhere in the world, provided that person resides on, or is present at some point on Swiss territory. The 2011 law that enshrined universal jurisdiction was hailed by NGOs and civil society, hoping it can help bring justice for victims who cannot get justice in their own country.<\/p>\n

Former Liberian rebel leader Alieu Kosiah is one of the two people in custody in a Swiss jail under universal jurisdiction. He has been there for more than four years, suspected of war crimes in his country<\/a>. The other is former Gambian interior minister Ousman Sonko<\/a>, arrested in early 2017 and under investigation for crimes against humanity. Both cases were brought to the war crimes unit by Swiss NGOs \u2013 Civitas Maxima<\/a> and TRIAL International<\/a> respectively.<\/p>\n

\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
Recommended reading<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t
\"\"<\/div><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tWill Switzerland dare to prosecute two African leaders the Gambian Sonko and the Liberian Kosiah ?\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

According to a spokeswoman for the Office of the Attorney General<\/a> (OAG), in which the international crimes unit is based, more than 60 cases have been referred since 2011, of which most have been dismissed or closed because they failed to \u201cfulfil the contextual requirements laid down by law (e.g. no qualification as a conflict) and\/or the requirements for opening proceedings (e.g. perpetrators not in Switzerland)\u201d.<\/p>\n

The Algerian case<\/h3>\n

One of the most controversial cases, brought by TRIAL International on behalf of victims, is that of former Algerian Defence Minister Khaled Nezzar<\/a>. Nezzar was arrested in Switzerland in October 2011 following a criminal denunciation filed by TRIAL over his alleged role in violations committed in the early 1990s in Algeria. He was released after questioning and allowed to return to Algeria on the promise that he would participate in subsequent procedure. The Swiss Attorney General\u2019s office dismissed the case in early 2017, saying there were no grounds to charge Nezzar with war crimes because there was no evidence of an armed conflict in Algeria during the period in question. NGOs were stunned, and the decision was appealed.  <\/p>\n

\u201cThe black decade that Algeria experienced [in the 1990s] left more than 200,000 people dead and there are numerous sources testifying to the intensity of fighting between the Algerian army and armed groups, also to the organization of the armed groups,\u201d TRIAL Legal Advisor Sandra Delval said in 2017<\/a>. \u201cIt is inexplicable that the office of the Attorney General investigated for six years without apparently ever questioning the existence of an armed conflict, only to abruptly close the case saying there was none.\u201d<\/p>\n

In April 2018, the UN Special Rapporteurs on Torture and on the Independence of Judges and Lawyers wrote to the Swiss government<\/a> expressing concern about persistent allegations of political interference particularly in this case, which they said \u201cundermine the independence of the judiciary in the name of interests which appear to be neither those of the rule of law nor of justice\u201d. In a written reply<\/a>, Swiss Foreign Minister Ignazio Cassis denied all the allegations, saying that \u201cSwitzerland attaches great importance to the fight against impunity, especially for crimes falling under international law\u201d.<\/p>\n

At the end of May 2018, the Federal Criminal Court overturned the dismissal<\/a> of the Nezzar case. It ruled that there was indeed an armed conflict in Algeria in the early 1990s, and ordered the Office of the Attorney General to resume the case.<\/p>\n

Whatever happens, this case has nevertheless marked case law with a 2012 decision of the Federal Criminal Court<\/a> refusing to grant Nezzar immunity because of the severity of the crimes in question. This was hailed as a groundbreaking precedent by NGOs.<\/p>\n

Lack of means<\/h3>\n

Prosecutor Laurence Boillat was the first head of the Swiss war crimes unit, which she was instrumental in setting up in 2012. This was an enriching experience, she says, but \u201cwe very quickly understood, or were made to understand, that the unit was not going to be very important, because we were only two prosecutors, two judicial staff and one person in charge of the secretariat \u2013 so five people, but not even five full-time posts\u201d. \u201cAt one time,\u201d she continues, \u201cwe had maybe 20 cases, but even with 5 cases in this specialized field, it is ridiculous to imagine that things could be advanced properly with this small team. It\u2019s a shame, because the means were found at the Attorney General\u2019s office for economic crimes, and then for terrorism \u2013 but that was a problem too, because staff time was taken from our war crimes unit to tackle terrorism cases.\u201d<\/p>\n

Asked about lack of means, the Office of the Attorney General said that the issue was under review but that at the present time it \u201ccontinues to assume that the means employed in the area of international criminal law are sufficient for the proper performance of its duties\u201d.<\/p>\n

Boillat says there was also political pressure from above, especially in cases of \u201cpolitically exposed persons\u201d like Nezzar and Rifaat Al-Assad, the uncle of the current Syrian president, both of which she opened. This was not so for the cases of asylum seekers in Switzerland, she says. At one point she made it clear that she thought \u201ca spanner was being put in the works with regard to certain investigations\u201d. She was subsequently dismissed from the OAG.<\/p>\n

Since she left at the end of 2015, the war crimes unit has been merged with the \u201cMutual Legal Assistance\u201d division of the OAG \u2013 a move criticized by NGOs \u2013 and other prosecutors have left<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Justice delayed<\/h3>\n

Everyone agrees that universal jurisdiction cases are complicated. They involve crimes committed elsewhere, often in conflict zones. Witnesses must be found and brought from other countries and\/or prosecutors must travel to the country concerned to investigate. It also depends on what cooperation is given by the countries in question. The new Gambian authorities, for example, are cooperating in the Sonko case, but in Kosiah\u2019s case the Liberian authorities are more difficult.<\/p>\n

It takes time and resources. But how much time should it take?<\/p>\n

Swiss law says that \u201cwhere an accused is in detention, the proceedings shall be conducted as a matter of urgency\u201d. Kosiah has been in a Swiss jail since November 2014 and Sonko since January 2017. Under Swiss law their provisional detention has to be justified and approved by judicial authorities every three months, and so far it has been, suggesting that the proceedings against them are progressing and that they will be brought to trial sooner or later.<\/p>\n

Back in early 2017 Civitas Maxima director Alain Werner said that the Kosiah case, in which his organization is representing victims, was \u201cwell advanced\u201d and that he hoped to see it brought to trial in 2018. Two years have passed and that still has not happened. As Benedict De Moerloose of TRIAL International told JusticeInfo<\/a> back in 2015, Switzerland has the legal tools in place to be a model in the field of universal jurisdiction cases, but it still has to prove its will and capacity to do so.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit was set up in 2012, following a change in the law the previous year that transferred responsibility for prosecuting international crimes from military to civil judicial authorities. But seven years on, it has not brought any cases to trial, despite receiving dozens of complaints. Swiss authorities have been criticized for not […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":64289,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[566,2801],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2497],"class_list":["post-40328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-national-tribunals","category-universal-jurisdiction","ji_location-switzerland"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nInternational Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit was set up in 2012, following a change in the law the previous year that transferred responsibility for prosecuting international crimes from military to civil judicial authorities. But seven years on, it has not brought any cases to trial, despite receiving dozens of complaints. Swiss authorities have been criticized for not […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"JusticeInfo.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/JusticeInfo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Juliacra\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-02-15T07:34:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-01-10T11:56:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"974\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Julia Crawford\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@JuliaCrawford13\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@justiceinfonet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Julia Crawford\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"jcrawford\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b25d0aaceb5ef616c169bbc5e5b2d7e5\"},\"headline\":\"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-02-15T07:34:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-01-10T11:56:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\"},\"wordCount\":1233,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"National tribunals\",\"Universal jurisdiction\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\",\"name\":\"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit - JusticeInfo.net\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-02-15T07:34:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-01-10T11:56:43+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":974},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/\",\"name\":\"JusticeInfo.net\",\"description\":\"For justice to be done, it must be seen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Justice Info\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/justiceinfo_logo-trans_1200x1200px.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/justiceinfo_logo-trans_1200x1200px.png\",\"width\":1199,\"height\":1200,\"caption\":\"Justice Info\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/JusticeInfo\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/justiceinfonet\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/justice-info\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCyCEsARodyuWtkWyhn-e7pA\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Julia Crawford\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Juliacra\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/JuliaCrawford13\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/auteur\/jcrawford\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit - JusticeInfo.net","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit","og_description":"Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit was set up in 2012, following a change in the law the previous year that transferred responsibility for prosecuting international crimes from military to civil judicial authorities. But seven years on, it has not brought any cases to trial, despite receiving dozens of complaints. Swiss authorities have been criticized for not […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html","og_site_name":"JusticeInfo.net","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/JusticeInfo\/","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Juliacra","article_published_time":"2019-02-15T07:34:29+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-01-10T11:56:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":974,"url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Julia Crawford","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@JuliaCrawford13","twitter_site":"@justiceinfonet","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Julia Crawford","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html"},"author":{"name":"jcrawford","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b25d0aaceb5ef616c169bbc5e5b2d7e5"},"headline":"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit","datePublished":"2019-02-15T07:34:29+00:00","dateModified":"2022-01-10T11:56:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html"},"wordCount":1233,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg","articleSection":["National tribunals","Universal jurisdiction"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html","name":"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit - JusticeInfo.net","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg","datePublished":"2019-02-15T07:34:29+00:00","dateModified":"2022-01-10T11:56:43+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/123c70a109721e498f55c2a4064b0e05.jpg","width":1200,"height":974},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/40328-international-crimes-spotlight-on-switzerland-s-war-crimes-unit.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"International Crimes : Spotlight on Switzerland\u2019s war crimes unit"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/","name":"JusticeInfo.net","description":"For justice to be done, it must be seen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#organization","name":"Justice Info","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/justiceinfo_logo-trans_1200x1200px.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/justiceinfo_logo-trans_1200x1200px.png","width":1199,"height":1200,"caption":"Justice Info"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/JusticeInfo\/","https:\/\/x.com\/justiceinfonet","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/justice-info","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCyCEsARodyuWtkWyhn-e7pA"]},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Crawford","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Juliacra","https:\/\/x.com\/JuliaCrawford13"],"url":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/auteur\/jcrawford"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40328","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40328"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40328\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86278,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40328\/revisions\/86278"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40328"},{"taxonomy":"ji_location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ji_location?post=40328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}