{"id":41359,"date":"2019-05-07T07:36:49","date_gmt":"2019-05-07T05:36:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/41359-al-bashir-jordan-should-have-arrested-him-the-icc-says-again.html"},"modified":"2019-05-07T07:36:49","modified_gmt":"2019-05-07T05:36:49","slug":"al-bashir-jordan-should-have-arrested-him-the-icc-says-again","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/41359-al-bashir-jordan-should-have-arrested-him-the-icc-says-again.html","title":{"rendered":"Al-Bashir: Jordan should have arrested him, the ICC says again"},"content":{"rendered":"

Appeals judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC) confirmed unsurprisingly, on Monday, May 6, that Jordan \u2013 a member of the Court \u2013 should have arrested Omar Al-Bashir when he came to an Arab League summit in March 2017. The recently ousted President of Sudan is the subject of two arrest warrants for alleged crimes committed in Darfur. But the Appeals Chamber does not follow the logic to the end: Jordan, the only true ally of the ICC in the Arab world, will not have to explain itself before the Security Council or the Assembly of the ICC States Parties. Despite the openness shown with the African Union, which has been consulted, the judges conclude with a criticized decision.
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The wrong student is called to order, but he will not be punished. In its decision of 6 May, the Appeals Chamber<\/a>, referred to it by Jordan, confirmed that this State party to the International Criminal Court (ICC) since 2002 \u201chad failed to comply with its obligations by not arresting Omar Al-Bashir and surrendering him to the ICC while he was on Jordanian territory attending the League of Arab States\u2019 Summit on 29 March 2017\u201d, the Court said in a statement. The judges, on the other hand, took the decision not to refer Jordan's non-cooperation to the Assembly of ICC States Parties and to the United Nations Security Council, as ordered by the first instance judges. On this part of the decision, the judges are not unanimous.<\/p>\n

The States failures to cooperate with the ICC, whether or not parties to the Court, has been a burden on this court for arrests and investigations since its inception. Not long ago, in another context - Afghanistan<\/a> - other ICC judges decided: if there is no cooperation, let us not waste time opening an investigation. Jordan's non-arrest the President of Sudan is not the first failure of a State Party brought before the ICC judges \u2013 after in particular the cases of Chad (2010), Malawi (2010), the Democratic Republic of Congo (2014) and South Africa (2015)<\/a>, among others. In total Omar Al-Bashir visited more than 15 African countries without being worried. But this time, the Trial Chamber wanted to follow through on the logic: not only did the judges call Amman to order, they wanted Jordan to report to the ICC Assembly of States Parties and to the UN Security Council \u2013 which referred the Darfur case to the ICC. Jordan escapes (potential) humiliation.<\/p>\n

From Jordan\u2019s point of view, the \u2018punishment\u2019 seemed unfair. Why should it have had to explain itself in New York or The Hague when South Africa did not? Jordan added that it had done everything possible to consult the ICC, but the response came only four days later. The African Union and the Arab League, together with Jordan, have advocated the immunities that apply to current Heads of State. The Appeals Chamber, in a context where African States are still threatening to withdraw from an ICC perceived as sectarian towards the continent, has shown openness: for the first time, ICC judges have invited the African Union and the Arab League, as well as a selection of law professors, to express their views on the merits of the Jordan case and on the question of the immunity of heads of State. The hearings were held in The Hague in September 2018.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe decision came as a no surprise but it\u2019s highly disappointing\u201d says to JusticeInfo Dr Namira Negm, the African Union legal counsel. \u201cThe disappointment emanates from the basis of the decision. The Court chose the highly criticized decision in Malawi case to deny the existence of immunities of heads of states. This statement means (\u2026) there is no acknowledgement of any types of immunity. It exposes that the Court perceives the Rome Statute as a body of law that came in the abstract and it\u2019s in denial of foundation of international law including sovereign rights of States to waive immunities of it\u2019s senior officials, or other legal principles.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cEveryone will be happy, and everyone will be disappointed!\u201d<\/h3>\n

For Kenyan journalist Tom Maliti, who followed these hearings for International Justice Monitor<\/a>, the parties seemed at least to agree on one point: once a head of State has left office, no immunity prevails. This does not mean that everyone agrees on a judgment in The Hague. With regard to the Al-Bashir case, the soldiers who hold him clearly stated their position, on 12 April: \u201cWe will not hand over the President abroad during our period\u201d.<\/p>\n

Tom Maliti summarizes the new decision: \u201cI think everybody will be happy with the decision, and everyone will be disappointed!\u201d \u201cThe prosecution got a win there because the Appeals Chamber went further than reasserting the provisions of the Rome Statute and went into what customary international law says about immunity in relation to heads of State. They will not be happy with the decision not to refer Jordan to the Assembly of [ICC] States Parties or to the [UN] Security Council, which is the only way to sanction a State that has not fulfilled its obligations. Jordan will not be happy with the decision finding that they failed to comply with their obligations. It will be very pleased with the decision that consultations [between States and the Court] need to be clearly defined and because they aren\u2019t, Jordan shouldn\u2019t be referred to the Assembly of States Parties or to the Security Council.\u201d<\/p>\n

\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
Recommended reading<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t
\"\"<\/div><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tOmar al-Bashir and the burden of the ICC\r\n\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

Controversial reference to customary international law<\/h3>\n

The reference to customary international law is perplexing to many observers of the Court. Dapo Akande, Professor of Public International Law at Oxford University (England), was one of the first to express his surprise on Monday on his blog<\/a>. \u201cThis is stunning and appears to be deeply misguided. This reasoning appears to assert that parties to the Rome Statute, have, by creating the Court, taken away the rights of non-party states under international law. Dangerous because this reasoning is likely to stiffen opposition to the Court by non-parties. The John Bolton\u2019s of this world and many people far more reasonable will point to this ruling to set out precisely why it is important to oppose this court and other international criminal courts.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is an absolutely shocking judgment for me, who chose the worst possible answer to the complex public international law questions raised and discussed at length by some of the best experts last September,\u201d commented Dov Jacobs, Professor at the University of Leiden (The Netherlands) on Twitter during the reading of the decision by the President of the Appeals Chamber, also President of the Court, Nigeria\u2019s Chile Eboe-Osuji. And the commentator added: \u201cI have this bitter feeling that all this process was a royal waste of time to pretend to listen to everyone, while having pre-decided the issue on a ground none of parties actually raised.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cGreat gap between idealism and real politics\u201d<\/h3>\n

When contacted by Justiceinfo on the phone, Professor Dov Jacob explains: \u201cI think that legally it is weak. To be clear, this position is only advanced by human rights activists, but no serious academic working on the issue of immunities would advance it. Then, we must see what impact this can have on both the African Union and the Arab League. The African Union played the game of dialogue, sent representatives to the hearings in September and this response is probably the worst possible. There is no room for dialogue. Zero margin.\u201d<\/p>\n

Is that an irreconcilable gap or just unsuccessful attempt by the Appeals Chamber to seek a balance between the interests of the Court and those of the states? \u201cFor me, continues Dov Jacobs, it expresses a great gap, between a form of idealism pushed to the extreme by customary international law \u2013 which effectively underlies the Rome Statute \u2013 and on the other hand real politics by saying Jordan should not have been referred to the Security Council.\u201d The question of immunities is very symbolic because it represents the idea that no one is above the law, concedes the lawyer, which still gives this decision a historical significance from this point of view.<\/p>\n

To stabilize jurisprudence on immunities, several lawyers suggest, the General Assembly of the United Nations could, as it has the power to do so and as some mentioned during the debates at the ICC, request an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Appeals judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC) confirmed unsurprisingly, on Monday, May 6, that Jordan \u2013 a member of the Court \u2013 should have arrested Omar Al-Bashir when he came to an Arab League summit in March 2017. The recently ousted President of Sudan is the subject of two arrest warrants for alleged crimes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":63678,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[562],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2295],"class_list":["post-41359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-icc","ji_location-jordan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAl-Bashir: Jordan should have arrested him, the ICC says again - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/41359-al-bashir-jordan-should-have-arrested-him-the-icc-says-again.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Al-Bashir: Jordan should have arrested him, the ICC says again\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Appeals judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC) confirmed unsurprisingly, on Monday, May 6, that Jordan \u2013 a member of the Court \u2013 should have arrested Omar Al-Bashir when he came to an Arab League summit in March 2017. 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