{"id":41386,"date":"2019-05-10T07:35:24","date_gmt":"2019-05-10T05:35:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/41386-judges-urge-france-to-take-acquitted-rwandan.html"},"modified":"2019-05-10T07:35:24","modified_gmt":"2019-05-10T05:35:24","slug":"judges-urge-france-to-take-acquitted-rwandan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/41386-judges-urge-france-to-take-acquitted-rwandan.html","title":{"rendered":"Judges urge France to take acquitted Rwandan"},"content":{"rendered":"

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda received cooperation from States to arrest the 73 people it tried, but when it closed in December 2015, it did not find a host country for some of the people who had been acquitted or had served their sentences. This is a headache passed on to the Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals (MICT). Seized by the defence of Major Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier Nzuwonemeye, it has just handed down a decision which, although far from being binding, calls on States to reconsider.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

After accepting two of the first acquitted persons from the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), France has rejected all subsequent requests. The reason often invoked by Paris is \"a risk of disturbing public order\". But for the persons concerned and their lawyers France, which is still accused not only of having played a role in the genocide but also harbouring alleged genocide perpetrators on its territory, simply does not want to attract new wrath from Kigali. Its delicate diplomatic relations with Rwanda are therefore at stake.<\/p>\n

In his application filed on August 23, 2018, the lawyer for Nzuwonemeye<\/a> - a former Rwandan battalion commander acquitted in 2014 - believed he had found a solution that would help the French authorities. Peter Robinson asked the MICT to issue a decision ordering France to open its doors to Nzuwonemeye on the grounds that at the time of his arrest in 2000, he was on French territory. The American lawyer pushed his subtle argument further. \u201cNzuwonemeye is not requesting the Mechanism to order France to grant him asylum or confer any particular immigration status on him. The order sought is that France take him back on its territory and put him in the same position that he was at the time of his transfer to the ICTR,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Precarious situation<\/h3>\n
\n

The international community's commitment to impunity should not end with rendering justice to those convicted of international crimes but must necessarily accommodate those who have completed their sentences or have been acquitted of such crimes.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Robinson\u2019s request was rejected, but he appealed. In its decision of April 17 this year, the MICT appeals chamber said it did not have the power to oblige France to give Nzuwonemeye a visa. However, it deemed that \u201cthe international community's commitment to impunity should not end with rendering justice to those convicted of international crimes but must necessarily accommodate those who have completed their sentences or have been acquitted of such crimes\u201d.<\/p>\n

Rwanda says its doors are wide open to former ICTR detainees, but these former leaders in the old regime say they fear for their security in their native land. In its decision the MICT recognizes \u201cthe precarious situation in which persons acquitted by the ICTR have found themselves for many years in the sense that they do not wish to return to Rwanda, their<\/p>\n

country of origin, and that the States requested by acquitted persons are reluctant to accept individuals who have been charged with international crimes\". The ICTR Statute places an obligation on States to cooperate in the arrest and transfer of accused persons, but says nothing about acquitted persons.<\/p>\n

Acquitted but not free<\/h3>\n

With regard to Nzuwonemeye's argument that he is only asking to be resettled in the situation he was in at the time of his arrest, the judges are cautious. \u201cThe right of an acquitted person to be returned to the country where he was arrested involves issues which are beyond the scope of the jurisdiction of the Mechanism,\u201d states the decision.\u00a0 The former major argues family ties, because his children have obtained French nationality. \u201cDomestic jurisdictions or other international institutions tasked with adjudicating claims of violations of human rights must evaluate such claims in their full context and are better suited to address the issues raised by Nzuwonemeye, including alleged violations to his human right to family life,\u201d say the judges.<\/p>\n

Finally they make an appeal to France: \u201cIn this context, the Appeals Chamber encourages France to renew its consideration of Nzuwonemeye's request to be allowed in France under the same conditions in which he was arrested and be given the opportunity to, through the proper procedures, attempt to legalize his status in that country\u201d. This is just a non-binding encouragement, not what Nzuwonemeye -- \u00a0who has been living almost cloistered in Arusha where the MICT is based since his acquittal on appeal in 2014 \u2013 wanted.<\/p>\n

\u201cSome hope\u201d<\/h3>\n

\u201cThat was a very disappointing decision in Major Nzuwonemeye's case,\u201d said Robinson in a reaction to the decision. \u201cI was sad that the Mechanism was unwilling to assume its legal responsibility to put an acquitted person back in the State in which it found him.\u201d This is nevertheless the first time that such a request, which has usually been made at the United Nations by ICTR or MICT officials, has been the subject of a judicial decision. So, despite his disappointment, Robinson says there is still \u201csome hope\u201d. \u201cAlthough the Appeals Chamber declined to order France to take Nzuwonemeye back, it urged France to take Major Nzuwonemeye back on its territory so that he could attempt to legalize his status there. Major Nzuwonemeye is now in the process of applying for a visa through the French Embassy in Dar es Salaam and hopes that the French government will honor the request of the Appeals Chamber.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cAgreements between tribunals and States\u201d<\/h3>\n

In a November 2015 interview with JusticeInfo.net<\/a> G\u00e9raldine Mattioli-Zeltner, international justice advocacy director at Human Rights Watch, urged the international community and other international jurisdictions to learn lessons from the ICTR experience. \u201cIt is up to all States to volunteer to take these people, so they are not condemned to live in an ICTR house without any future prospects,\u201d she said. \u201cTaking acquitted persons or those who have served their sentences is perhaps not the most attractive part of supporting international justice but it is absolutely crucial for the respect of these people\u2019s rights and for the credibility of the international judicial institutions who are otherwise likely to be accused of abandoning them. An important lesson to be drawn from ICTR experience is the need for agreements on this issue between the tribunals and States to be concluded as quickly as possible, before the problem emerges.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nzuwonemeye is confined in Arusha with Prota\u00efs Zigiranyirazo, brother-in-law of former Rwandan President Juv\u00e9nal Habyarimana, and three former ministers including Andr\u00e9 Ntagerura, who was acquitted 15 years ago. Three other former officers released after serving their sentences are in the same situation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda received cooperation from States to arrest the 73 people it tried, but when it closed in December 2015, it did not find a host country for some of the people who had been acquitted or had served their sentences. This is a headache passed on to the Mechanism for […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":63540,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[563],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2431],"class_list":["post-41386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ictr","ji_location-rwanda"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJudges urge France to take acquitted Rwandan - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Accused of being involved in the genocide then acquitted by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier Nzuwonemeye is asking France in the hope of being welcomed on its territory. 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