{"id":43670,"date":"2020-01-27T08:35:32","date_gmt":"2020-01-27T07:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/43670-gambia-when-imams-opposed-the-leader-of-the-people-of-faith.html"},"modified":"2020-01-27T08:35:32","modified_gmt":"2020-01-27T07:35:32","slug":"gambia-when-imams-opposed-the-leader-of-the-people-of-faith","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/43670-gambia-when-imams-opposed-the-leader-of-the-people-of-faith.html","title":{"rendered":"Gambia: When imams opposed \u201cthe leader of the people of faith\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gambia\u2019s Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission has resumed its public hearings. It has heard testimonies of clerics who dared challenging former president Yahya Jammeh, after he was declared a religious leader by a subservient Supreme Islamic Council. <\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

In 2014, Yahya Jammeh shocked even his strongest critics when he said, in wolof, \u201cdekabi mako mum\u201d \u2013\u00a0 I own this country. Gambia\u2019s former leader also made religious pronouncements. He would tell Christians that the Bible bars eating pork. He would tell Muslims which day they should observe their religious fests.\u00a0<\/p>\n

One person who paid dearly for opposing Jammeh\u2019s religious \u201cmis-teachings\u201d, as he sees it, is Imam Baba Leigh. Imam Baba Leigh is a controversial Gambian cleric. He is considered an ally to Gambia\u2019s so-called progressive camp. He openly criticizes the practice of female genital mutilation. His views of the world and the religion often put him in opposite terrain to where the country\u2019s Muslim leaders sit, the Supreme Islamic Council, which was established in 1992 and was composed of Saudi-trained clerics who allied with the former president.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Leigh and Jammeh did not see eye to eye on lots of issues but in December 2012 this would peak when Jammeh had death row prisoners executed and justified his order on religious grounds.\u00a0Jammeh made his announcement at a meeting with Muslim leaders on Eid-al-Fitr, the day marking the end of Ramadan, the Muslim month of fasting.\u00a0\"All those guilty of serious crimes and condemned will face the full force of the law,\" Jammeh said in the 2012 meeting. \"By the middle of next month, all the death sentences would have been carried out to the letter.\"\u00a0A few days later, Jammeh ordered the execution of nine death row inmates.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Opposing executions under the guise of religion<\/h3>\n

Since the rule of the British colonialist in the Gambia, it has become a tradition for Muslim elders, from mainly the capital Banjul, to visit the State House on Eid-al-Fitr. This gives the Muslim leaders the opportunity to meet ministers and the President to discuss issues of mutual concern. Under Jammeh, this had become a platform for vitriolic attacks on opponents or for religious pronouncements.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Last year, some Junglers \u2013 a group of hitmen under the orders of Jammeh \u2013 testified before Gambia\u2019s Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission (TRRC) that after the death row inmates were executed, they were thrown into a well. Some died by suffocation in transportation vehicles as they were driven to the firing range.\u00a0The people killed on that day were not even returned to their relatives.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt was wrong,\u201d said Imam Baba Leigh \u2013 who now serves as a commissioner at the National Human Rights Commission \u2013 on January 22 before the TRRC. \u201cYou cannot kill people in the name of Shariah [Islamic law] if they were not prosecuted under Islamic jurisprudence.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n

Back in 2012, Leigh took his disagreement with Jammeh and his Supreme Islamic Council to the pulpit and the local newspapers. He took the issue to his Friday sermons. And he gave interviews to The Standard and The Daily News. Jammeh felted tested by Leigh\u2019s actions. Leigh got warnings from close friends to lay low or leave the country. It would not take long before he was arrested and the two newspapers were ordered to shut down operations.\u00a0\u201cWhile in detention, state agents told me that if I wanted to get my freedom, I should say that I was misquoted by\u00a0The Standard but I refused,\u201d said Leigh.<\/p>\n

Secret detention, torture in the name of Allah<\/h3>\n

At the time, the government refused to acknowledge the arrest of the cleric. Leigh was taken to the National Intelligence Agency where he was severely beaten. Omar Jallow, a Jungler who confessed to participating in the killing of 48 people, admitted last year before the TRRC that he had tortured Leigh.\u00a0\u201cThey beat me, kicked me and even off cigarettes on my body. They beat me until I fainted,\u201d confirmed the imam.\u00a0\"I was stripped naked. I sustained injuries on my back\u00a0and there was no medical facility for treatment.\u201d<\/p>\n

In addition to a nine-day continuous torture in detention, Leigh was detained incommunicado at Mile 2 prison for more than five months before he was placed before the state broadcaster to publicly blame himself for his detention. In a televised plea, the secretary general of the government and religious leaders told Leigh that it was not Jammeh who arrested him and that his ordeal was ordained by Allah.<\/p>\n

Humiliations in the moonlight<\/h3>\n

Imam Baba Leigh was not the only cleric who paid a hefty price for disagreeing with Jammeh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

On July 27, 2014 the president\u2019s favored Supreme Islamic Council declared the following day as Eid-al-Fitr. The next day, Jammeh and his Council prayed. But a large section of the population and their clerics refused to pray. They considered that they needed to sight the moon before they ended their fasting while the Council relied on Saudi Arabia for moon sighting.\u00a0Gambian scholars are heavily divided on the issue as to whether the country can fast on the moon sighting of Arabia. For Jammeh, there was no debate about it.\u00a0\u201cAll those who did not pray today, they will not pray tomorrow. I own this country,\u201d he declared on July 28 2014 in a meeting with the religious clerics who conferred on him the title of \u201cleader of the people of faith\u201d.\u00a0The following day intelligence officers were dispatched to various mosques and places.<\/p>\n

Sheikh Muhideen Hydara, a venerable Muslim cleric who was then in his late 80\u2019s, was a prominent voice in opposition to praying on a day imposed by Jammeh. The Hydaras are a revered clan of Muslims in West Africa. They are believed to be direct descendants of Prophet Muhammad.\u00a0That didn\u2019t protect him. Sheikh Muhideen Hydara was arrested and humiliated for not observing the end of Ramadan on the day proclaimed by Jammeh and his Islamic Council.\u00a0He was eventually set free by a court in May 2015. In fact, the charges against him \u2013 disobeying the lawful orders made by Yahya Jammeh on the observations of Eid Prayers \u2013 could not stick. The court said Hydara broke no law in the Gambia. He was acquitted and discharged.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The Supreme Islamic Council under siege<\/h3>\n

Sheikh Muhideen Hydara died in early 2019. Before the TRRC his eldest son Abass Muhideen Hydara said his father\u2019s humiliation and \u201cillegal arrest\u201d have contributed to his death.<\/p>\n

Another cleric who fell victim to the collusion between the Council and Jammeh was Imam Ba Kawsu, a fearless critic of both Jammeh and the Council, and a traditionalist. Kawsu, who owned a Quranic memorization school, was arrested several times by state agents, leading to the closing down of his school. In 2012, he was arrested and held incommunicado for nine days during which he was reportedly tortured. He then fled the country for Casamance, in the south of Senegal, where he lived until 2015 when he was allowed to return.<\/p>\n

Just like Kawsu blamed the Supreme Council for his arrest, Abass Hydara also blamed the Council for his father\u2019s arrest and humiliation. \u201cImam Abdoulie Fatty [the Council\u2019s secretary general to date] has told my father that he was the one who ordered his arrest,\u201d testified Abass. The son of the late Sheikh Muhideen Hydara thinks the Council should be renamed, like the country\u2019s infamous National Intelligence Agency was renamed State Intelligence Services after the end of the dictatorship.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The struggle over the control of the Supreme Islamic Council between the moderates, the traditionalists and the Saudi-trained clerics is not over.<\/p>\n

\n

TAMBADOU: \u201cJAMMEH WILL FACE IMMEDIATE ARREST\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gambia\u2019s former dictator Yahya Jammeh, currently living in exile in Equatorial Guinea, has gotten himself back in his country\u2019s news headlines. In a leaked conversation between him and his deputy party leader Ousman Jatta, Jammeh said he was on a holiday and would come to the Gambia at a time of his own choosing. He who never allowed protests during his 22-year rule, urged his party to take to the street and demand the implementation of an agreement he purportedly signed with the United Nations and Ecowas for his safe return. The agreement, he said, also protects his assets.\u00a0<\/p>\n

On January 16, Jammeh\u2019s supporters took to the street in Banjul demanding, as he ordered them to do, that the \u201cagreement be implemented\u201d. This has caused a chain of reactions from victims of the former leader\u2019s regime. At a press conference on January 21 the Center for Victims of Human Rights Violations called for a ban on Jammeh\u2019s party, \u201cuntil such time that the on-going TRRC is concluded and its recommendations implemented to enhance a smooth transitional justice process for us to reconcile and unite as a people and as a nation.\u201d \u00a0<\/p>\n

But Jammeh also received a swift answer from Gambia\u2019s Justice minister Abubacarr Tambadou. \u201cIf former President Yahya Jammeh ever comes back to this country, he will face immediate arrest and charges of the most serious kind, and no amount of irresponsible idle talk or political brinksmanship will prevent this from happening. He will be subjected to an accountability process like any ordinary accused person in this country,\" said Tambadou on January 19 at a gathering in Banjul.<\/p>\n

On January 25, victims of Jammeh and activists took to the street to call for his arrest. Attending were country\u2019s former vice-president Ousainou Darboe and former Agriculture minister Omar Amadou Jallow.\u00a0Darboe, the leader of the United Democratic Party, was sent to prison by Jammeh for three years in 2016. \u201cI am here to join the call for him to be prosecuted for atrocities committed against the people,\u201d said Darboe.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gambia\u2019s Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission has resumed its public hearings. It has heard testimonies of clerics who dared challenging former president Yahya Jammeh, after he was declared a religious leader by a subservient Supreme Islamic Council.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":65528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[542],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2509],"class_list":["post-43670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-truth-commissions","ji_location-gambia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGambia: When imams opposed \u201cthe leader of the people of faith\u201d - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/43670-gambia-when-imams-opposed-the-leader-of-the-people-of-faith.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gambia: When imams opposed \u201cthe leader of the people of faith\u201d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gambia\u2019s Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission has resumed its public hearings. 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