{"id":44813,"date":"2020-07-06T07:57:26","date_gmt":"2020-07-06T05:57:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/44813-tambadou-quits-will-gambia-transition-stay-on-course.html"},"modified":"2020-07-06T07:57:26","modified_gmt":"2020-07-06T05:57:26","slug":"tambadou-quits-will-gambia-transition-stay-on-course","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/44813-tambadou-quits-will-gambia-transition-stay-on-course.html","title":{"rendered":"Tambadou quits: Will Gambia\u2019s transition stay on course?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abubakarr Tambadou, Gambia\u2019s Minister of Justice, resigned on June 25 to join a United Nations international tribunal. Tambadou has been a driving force behind the transitional justice process in his country and its strongest advocate, including on the international stage. Some already worry that his departure may weaken institutions like the Truth Commission. And wonder about the credentials of his successor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

For three and a half years, Gambia, a small West African country, has been in transition from dictatorship to democracy, and it has ticked a number of boxes. An impressive, crime-revealing, Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission (TRRC)<\/a> has been ongoing publicly since January 2019. Several bills, including amending the criminal code and code of criminal procedure, were put before lawmakers for enactment, as well as a new access to information law. A new constitution is being drafted.<\/p>\n

The man in the government who has been key behind this and the leading voice on the rule of law and accountability is Abubakarr Tambadou<\/a>, a former human rights lawyer who became Gambia\u2019s Minister of Justice after the fall of Yahya Jammeh, the head of a rights-abusing 22-year dictatorship, in January 2017. Politically prominent and influential, Tambadou was also appointed the chair of the security sector reform committee early 2019. This put him in an even stronger position to drive the country\u2019s transitional justice policy.<\/p>\n

That was until June 25, when Tambadou announced his resignation.<\/p>\n

\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
Recommended reading<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t
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\u201cHis departure could affect the transitional justice process\u201d<\/h3>\n

Since his announcement,\u00a0 uncertainty appears to be hanging over the country's reforms and the question has been raised: will Gambia\u2019s transition stay on course?\u00a0The concern, said Gambia\u2019s human rights lawyer and chairman of the National Human Rights Commission, Emmanuel Joof, is genuine. Joof is a longstanding friend of Tambadou. In the early 2000s, the two were part of Gambia\u2019s \u201cstubborn\u201d lawyers, a coalition of human rights defenders who challenged rights violations under Jammeh. \u201cWe can all be lawyers but the passion of Tambadou, his dedication, was fairness and justice. Tambadou was never for impunity,\u201d said Joof.<\/p>\n

To many, Tambadou did not just establish the transitional justice process for the sake of it; he saw and lived an undesirable past that the so-called \u201cnew Gambia\u201d must break from.\u00a0Perhaps the most successful institution in this regard has been the TRRC. Tambadou was fully \u201csupportive\u201d and never attempted to interfere with the Commission\u2019s work, said Dr Baba Galleh Jallow, the TRRC\u2019s executive secretary. \u201cHe certainly knows the transitional justice process better than anyone in the government right now. So, yes, his departure could affect the transitional justice process, especially if his successor is not very strongly dedicated to it.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cI have to say that we are concerned because we do not know what the future holds for us [victims] as far as justice and accountability issues are concerned,\u201d said Sheriff Kijera, chairman of the Center for Victims of Human Rights Violations.\u00a0<\/strong>\u201cTambadou\u2019s resignation is quite shocking. We could not hide our frustration.\u201d<\/p>\n

A sensitive political context<\/h3>\n

Gambians are heading to the polls next year. Kijera is worried about the political influence and strength of the Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction (APRC), the party supporting former president Jammeh. (Jammeh is in exile in Equatorial Guinea.) \u201cWe have seen the current trend in the appointments \u2013 the hiring of the enablers of Yahya Jammeh \u2013 in key positions. We are concerned that the Executive might want to lobby for more political support from APRC sympathisers,\u201d said Kijera.\u00a0It might be around the time of the elections that the TRRC would come up with its final report and recommendations. Elections could therefore pose a special challenge to the implementation of the TRRC recommendations. For a reliable implementation policy, Kijera said, there would have to be a Justice Minister as passionate about the process as Tambadou manifested.\u00a0\u201cWill there be political will?\u201d asked Dr Ismaila Ceesay, a government critic who now leads a political party called the Citizen Alliance.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tambadou\u2019s \u2018lows\u2019<\/h3>\n

Tambadou has arguably been the most criticized member of Gambia\u2019s cabinet. And probably the most praised too. His critics point to several \u201cinjustices\u201d in the country.\u00a0Ceesay was a political science lecturer at the University of the Gambia at the beginning of 2018 (and still is). Back then he declared that the new president Adama Barrow would be responsible for the prolonged stay of the West African forces in the country because he was not showing trust in the army and had not visited a single military installation since his election victory in December 2016. Apparently, for the new, post-dictatorship government, this was incitement. Ceesay was picked up by the police. Arrests like Ceesay's were not uncommon, although a lot of them were seen as intimidation tactics since many cases were never taken to court.\u00a0Several prominent Gambians like opposition leaders Mamma Kandeh, Fabakary Tombong Jatta and rights activists like Madi Jobarteh were arrested in manners that were reminiscent of Yahya Jammeh\u2019s era.\u00a0<\/p>\n

In June 2018, three young men protesting against \u201cdestructive\u201d mining activity in Fabara, a settlement about an hour drive from Banjul, were shot and killed. Several others sustained gunshot injury. Though the state investigated the incident, no one to date has been prosecuted and compensation recommended to the affected families remains unimplemented.\u00a0\u201cTambadou was here when I was arrested. He was around when other people were arrested. He was there when security forces shot and killed people in this country. What did he do? Nothing,\u201d Ceesay stated.<\/p>\n

Today, however, Ceesay seems to wish Tambadou had not quit. \u201cThis is a critical time for the transitional justice process. It seems as if the whole thing is crumbling \u2013 we started seeing those signs,\u201d he said. \u201cSo, why is he jumping ship? For me, he should have, as someone who believed in the whole transitional justice process and as a patriotic citizen, overseen it to its conclusion,\u201d Ceesay now lamented. \u201cWe know he has done a very good job. If this [transitional justice process] fails, it might be because the person replacing him might not have the same clout, institutional memory and passion.\u201d<\/p>\n

A strong stand on Jammeh\u2019s prosecution<\/h3>\n

As Minister of Justice, Tambadou took a firm stance on accountability for Jammeh-era crimes. In January 2020, at a gathering in Banjul where president Adama Barrow was seated, Tambadou declared: \u201cIf former President Yahya Jammeh ever comes back to this country, he will face immediate arrest and charges of the most serious kind and no amount of irresponsible idle talk or political brinkmanship will prevent this from happening.\u201d<\/p>\n

Such tough statements have been quite unique in the Barrow administration. They are in contrast to the President\u2019s more ambiguous moves. Barrow has been criticized for flirting with the support base of Jammeh since he fell out with the United Democratic Party. His rhetoric has changed from accountability to \u201cwe have a nation to build\u201d and \u201cwe put the past behind us\u201d \u2013 statements generally seen as attempts to create a soft landing for Jammeh. In 2019, Barrow told a rally in Foni, Jammeh\u2019s region, that the former authoritarian leader cannot rule the country again but he can return home as an ex-president. This aroused huge criticisms from opponents.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

And this made Tambadou an ally to Jammeh\u2019s victims.<\/p>\n

\u201cI am aware that my principled position on former President Jammeh has not endeared me to his supporters and sympathisers, and to them I say: Jammeh belongs to the past, so wake up from your dreams of a Jammeh political comeback and move on with your lives,\u201d Tambadou told journalists at a his farewell press conference on June 25. At the event, Tambadou \u2013 who will be taking a position as Registrar of the United Nations International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals \u2013 also said he does not know if he should \u201ccommiserate\u201d with his successor Dawda Jallow, or congratulate him. He comes to a hot seat, said the outgoing cabinet member.<\/p>\n

Questions on the new Minister of Justice<\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Edward
Edward Singhatey, a former member of the military junta (left) and Dawda Jallow, the new Minister of Justice, studied law together. (Undated, uncredited photo)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The new Minister of Justice is a former teacher and civic educator who graduated from law school in 2010 and took the Bar in 2011-2012. He has a Masters in human rights from the University of Essex, United Kingdom. Following his appointment in government, Dawda Jalloh\u2019s resume has become a matter of public interest. Both at the law school and at the Bar, Jallow was a batch mate of Edward Singhatey, a prominent member of the Jammeh-led military junta that took power on July 22, 1994, through a military coup. Another former batch mate of Jallow, who does not wish to be named, described Jallow\u2019s relationship with Singhatey as \u201ctoo close\u201d. This relationship may come to be tested when and if the TRRC recommends Singhatey for prosecution. \u201cJallow is a very obedient person who has come to follow the President\u2019s path,\u201d alleged a former lecturer of Jallow, who also wished to remain anonymous.\u00a0<\/p>\n

At his swearing-in ceremony at the State House, Jallow assured \u201call stakeholders in the transitional justice process, especially the victims, that the Ministry of Justice will continue to support and provide the necessary leadership to ensure that the transitional justice process reaches its logical conclusion.\u201d (Jallow declined to be interviewed for this article.) Junkung Jobarteh, a former magistrate and schoolmate of Jallow, said Jallow has the capacity and intelligence to do the job. Almamy Taal, Jallow\u2019s former lecturer at the law school, confirmed that \u201che was an excellent student, he came to the law as a mature person and comported himself well.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cAn honest man, smart, open and critical minded\u201d<\/h3>\n

As a magistrate, Jallow did make rulings that went against the state, despite the interest of the Jammeh government in those cases. In 2014, a local online newspaper critical of Jammeh, Kairo News, ran the following headline: \u201cThe admirable magistrate Dawda Jallow<\/a>\u201d. The newspaper praised Jallow for acquitting a former permanent secretary at the Youth Ministry on false information charges.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cI recall the days when Dawda Jallow was the head of programs at the NCCE [National Council for Civic Education], where he had traversed the length and breadth of the country educating citizens about their civic rights and duties,\u201d said Madi Jobarteh, a leading Gambian rights activist.\u00a0\u201cDawda was a constant face and voice on the airwaves on television and radio. I used to know Dawda as an honest man, smart, open and critical minded. With this hindsight I am elated that he is now the Minister of Justice,\u201d Jobarteh said. (On 30 June, Jobarteh was himself charged with false information and broadcasting.)<\/p>\n

Key players like Dr Baba Galleh Jallow of the TRRC and Emmanuel Joof of the Human Rights Commission stand clear that the country\u2019s transitional justice process would not be knocked off-course without a fight. \u201cI do not have these fears at all,\u201d said Jallow. \u201cYes, it is possible that whatever government is in place at the time will try not to follow through with the TRRC recommendations. But I believe that Gambians would then be prepared to make sure that does not happen. I\u2019m hoping there won\u2019t be any need for that.\u201d Joof shows similar faith. \u201cNone of us will condone impunity. And I think you have seen how people can be emboldened when those who committed atrocities walk free.\"<\/p>\n

\n

TRRC HOSTS THIRD RECONCILIATION SESSION<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nearly two decades after torturing political detainees at a military encampment in Fajara, near Gambia\u2019s capital city Banjul, Major Babucarr Bah apologized to his victim at an event organized by the country\u2019s Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission (TRRC).\u00a0<\/p>\n

In 1994, Bah tortured Omar Jallow, a prominent Gambian politician and Agriculture minister under the toppled civilian government who was arrested by the new military junta, alongside others, and illegally kept at the barracks.\u00a0In February 2019, Jallow gave a chilling account at the TRRC<\/a> of how Major Bah continuously tortured him during his detention. On that same month, Bah confessed to the Commission to torturing Jallow.\u00a0<\/p>\n

On July 1, Bah apologized to the veteran politician at an event organized by the TRRC at the request of perpetrators.\u00a0<\/p>\n

This is the third reconciliation event held by the TRRC. The first event brought former military leaders Sanna Sabally and Edward Singhatey together in 2019. The second was a reconciliation meeting in a village called Jumbur, about an hour drive from Banjul, that was severely affected by a witch hunting campaign of the former ruler Yahya Jammeh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The July 1 event brought together a few people who had a bitter past within the country\u2019s prison system. Malang Tamba, a confessed torturer, apologized to Lamin Jah and Soriba Conde, two prison wardens he tortured.\u00a0Conde himself apologized to the former chief of the Gambian police Ensa Badgie against whom he gave false testimony in court in 2013. (Conde, a former armed robber, had then claimed that Badgie was supporting their robberies for personal gain.)\u00a0Another perpetrator, Ebrima Jammeh, also apologized to Jah and Conde and the prison wardens he tortured during his time in Mile 2 prison<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cAs Gambians we have to learn to forgive and forget,\" said Imam Ousainou Jallow, head of the Truth Commission\u2019s reconciliation committee, after the July 1 session.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abubakarr Tambadou, Gambia\u2019s Minister of Justice, resigned on June 25 to join a United Nations international tribunal. Tambadou has been a driving force behind the transitional justice process in his country and its strongest advocate, including on the international stage. Some already worry that his departure may weaken institutions like the Truth Commission. And wonder […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":62070,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[542],"tags":[],"ji_location":[2509],"class_list":["post-44813","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-truth-commissions","ji_location-gambia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTambadou quits: Will Gambia\u2019s transition stay on course? - JusticeInfo.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.justiceinfo.net\/en\/44813-tambadou-quits-will-gambia-transition-stay-on-course.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tambadou quits: Will Gambia\u2019s transition stay on course?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abubakarr Tambadou, Gambia\u2019s Minister of Justice, resigned on June 25 to join a United Nations international tribunal. 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